ECB adopts symmetric 2% inflation target negative and positive deviations equally undesirable

    ECB announced to adopts a symmetric 2% inflation target over medium term. Being symmetric meaning “negative and positive deviations of inflation from the target are equally undesirable”.

    “When the economy is operating close to the lower bound on nominal interest rates, it requires especially forceful or persistent monetary policy action to avoid negative deviations from the inflation target becoming entrenched,” ECB said. “This may also imply a transitory period in which inflation is moderately above target.”

    Also, HICP will remain the appropriate price measures, while the Governing Council recommends inclusion of owner-occupied housing over time.

    President Christine Lagarde said, “The new strategy is a strong foundation that will guide us in the conduct of monetary policy in the years to come.”

    Full release here.

    RBNZ holds rates at 5.50%, softens hawkish tone

      RBNZ left OCR unchanged at 5.50%, as widely expected. The central bank softened its hawkish stance in the accompanying statement, indicating that the extent of monetary restriction “will be tempered over time consistent with the expected decline in inflation pressures.” Markets interpreted this as a signal that RBNZ is moving closer to lowering interest rates.

      RBNZ also acknowledged that its restrictive monetary policy has “significantly reduced consumer price inflation,” with headline inflation expected to return to the 1-3% target band “in the second half of this year.” This decline in inflation reflects both receding domestic pricing pressures and lower inflation for imported goods and services. Additionally, labor market pressures have eased.

      While domestically generated price pressures “remain strong,” RBNZ said there are signs that “inflation persistence will ease in line with the fall in capacity pressures and business pricing intentions.”

      Full RBNZ statement here.

      RBA reiterates next move is more likely an increase

        RBA minutes of July meeting cleared up some confusions in the market as it stated that “members continued to agree that the next move in the cash rate would more likely be an increase than a decrease.” Still, as the progress of wage growth and inflation will “likely to be gradual, “there was no strong case for a near-term adjustment in monetary policy.” Instead, “the Board assessed that it would be appropriate to hold the cash rate steady and for the Bank to be a source of stability and confidence while this progress unfolds.” Overall, the minutes reaffirmed the tightening bias of the central bank, but the rate hike will only happen at least deep into mid-2019.

        On the economy, RBA noted that recent data has been consistent with the central forecast of GDP growth at a bit above 3% over 2018 and 2019. Non-mining business investments had “contributed significantly” to growth in Q1. Public infrastructure investment and business conditions “remained positive”. But consumption “remained a source of uncertainty”. Labor market outlook remain positive for solid growth ahead, with “vacancy rate” risen to historical high. And the conditions will lead to gradual decline in unemployment rate and push up wages.

        Full minutes here.

        ECB’s Lagarde: Geopolitical tensions posts downside risk to growth, upside to inflation

          At the post-meeting press conference, ECB President Christine Lagarde noted that risk to growth are “tilted to the downside”, with geopolitical tensions potentially shaking confidence among businesses and households.

          On the other hand, growth could be higher if resilient labour market continue its course and real incomes rise. The world economy could grow “more strongerly than expected.

          Lagarde also flagged potential upward risks on inflation from sources like escalating energy and food prices. She underscored the role geopolitical tensions might play in boosting short-term energy prices, while also drawing attention to the repercussions of the climate crisis, which could lead to unexpected hikes in food prices.

          However, she also acknowledged scenarios where inflationary pressures could diminish, particularly if there’s a decline in demand. This could be due to factors such as a more pronounced impact of monetary policy or external economic challenges fueled by heightened geopolitical risks.

          US 10-year yield to settle in 1.4/1.6 range as bond auction cleared investor fears

            The closely watched US treasury bond auction overnight was soft, but enough to temporarily ease investors’ worry of an avalanche collapse in demand. USD 38B in 10 year treasuries were sold, with bid-to-cover ratio of 2.38, just slightly below one-year average of 2.42. Focus will now turn to 30-year auction today.

            10-year yield closed down -0.026 at 1.520, after hitting as low at 1.506. TNX would likely settle in range of 1.4/1.6, with S&P dividend at around 1.5 in the middle. Such developments should provide a floor for overall market sentiments.

            Fed raised federal fund rates by 25bps to 1.5-1.75%

              Fed raised federal fund rates by 25bps to 1.5-1.75%. Statement below.

              New economic projections here.

              FOMC Statement Mar 21, 2017

              Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in January indicates that the labor market has continued to strengthen and that economic activity has been rising at a moderate rate. Job gains have been strong in recent months, and the unemployment rate has stayed low. Recent data suggest that growth rates of household spending and business fixed investment have moderated from their strong fourth-quarter readings. On a 12-month basis, both overall inflation and inflation for items other than food and energy have continued to run below 2 percent. Market-based measures of inflation compensation have increased in recent months but remain low; survey-based measures of longer-term inflation expectations are little changed, on balance.

              Consistent with its statutory mandate, the Committee seeks to foster maximum employment and price stability. The economic outlook has strengthened in recent months. The Committee expects that, with further gradual adjustments in the stance of monetary policy, economic activity will expand at a moderate pace in the medium term and labor market conditions will remain strong. Inflation on a 12-month basis is expected to move up in coming months and to stabilize around the Committee’s 2 percent objective over the medium term. Near-term risks to the economic outlook appear roughly balanced, but the Committee is monitoring inflation developments closely.

              In view of realized and expected labor market conditions and inflation, the Committee decided to raise the target range for the federal funds rate to 1-1/2 to 1-3/4 percent. The stance of monetary policy remains accommodative, thereby supporting strong labor market conditions and a sustained return to 2 percent inflation.

              In determining the timing and size of future adjustments to the target range for the federal funds rate, the Committee will assess realized and expected economic conditions relative to its objectives of maximum employment and 2 percent inflation. This assessment will take into account a wide range of information, including measures of labor market conditions, indicators of inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and readings on financial and international developments. The Committee will carefully monitor actual and expected inflation developments relative to its symmetric inflation goal. The Committee expects that economic conditions will evolve in a manner that will warrant further gradual increases in the federal funds rate; the federal funds rate is likely to remain, for some time, below levels that are expected to prevail in the longer run. However, the actual path of the federal funds rate will depend on the economic outlook as informed by incoming data.

              Voting for the FOMC monetary policy action were Jerome H. Powell, Chairman; William C. Dudley, Vice Chairman; Thomas I. Barkin; Raphael W. Bostic; Lael Brainard; Loretta J. Mester; Randal K. Quarles; and John C. Williams.

              US ISM services rose to 51.9, corresponds to 0.7% annualized GDP growth

                US ISM Services PMI rose from 51.2 to 51.9 in April, below expectation of 53.1. Looking at some details, business activity/production dropped from 55.4 to 52.0. New orders rose from 52.2 to 56.1. Employment dropped from 51.3 to 50.8. Prices rose from 59.5 to 59.6.

                ISM said: “There has been a slight uptick in the rate of growth for the services sector, due mostly to the increase in new orders and ongoing improvements in both capacity and supply logistics. The majority of respondents are mostly positive about business conditions; however, some respondents are wary of potential headwinds associated with inflation and an economic slowdown.”

                “The past relationship between the Services PMI® and the overall economy indicates that the Services PMI® for April (51.9 percent) corresponds to a 0.7-percent increase in real gross domestic product (GDP) on an annualized basis.”

                Full ISM services release here.

                Dollar suffers renewed selling, Gold breaks 1230

                  While resurfaced Brexit uncertainty keeps Sterling generally weak today, Dollar is trying to take over and fresh selling is seen in early European session. In particular, USD/JPY took out 111.82 minor support and resumed recent pull back from 114.54. Deeper fall should now be seen to 110.75 fibonacci level. AUD/USD also breaks last week’s high and reaches 0.7143 so far. Swiss Franc and Yen are the strongest ones.

                  European markets is indeed mixed only. At the time of writing, DAX is up 0.07%, CAC down -0.32% and FTSE down -0.06%. German 10 year bund yield drops below 0.5 handle to 0.496. Italian 10 year yield is relatively stead at 3.573. Asian markets were troubled by risk aversion though. Nikkei closed down -1.87%, Singapore Strait Times down -0.76%, Hong Kong HSI down -1.38% and China Shanghai SSE down -1.49%

                  Gold’s rally resumed by taking out last week’s high and reaches 1233.30 so far. For now, we’re still seeing rebound from 1160.36 low as a correction. Thus, strong resistance should be seen 1235.24/1236.99 cluster resistance zone (38.2% retracement of 1365.24 to 1160.36 at 1238.62, 100% projection of 1160.36 to 1214.30 from 1183.05 at 1236.99). to limit upside. However, firm break of this zone will invalidate our view and target 61.8% retracement at 1286.97 and above.

                  Eurozone PMI composite rose to 60.6, 21-yr high, enjoying a summer growth spurt

                    Eurozone PMI Manufacturing dropped from 63.4 to 62.6 in July, above expectation of 62.5. PMI Services rose from 58.3 to 60.4, above expectation of 59.6, a 181-month high. PMI Composite rose from 59.5 to 60.6, highest in 252 months.

                    Chris Williamson, Chief Business Economist at IHS Markit said: “The eurozone is enjoying a summer growth spurt as the loosening of virus-fighting restrictions in July has propelled growth to the fastest for 21 years. The services sector in particular is enjoying the freedom of loosened COVID-19 containment measures and improved vaccination rates, especially in relation to hospitality, travel and tourism.”

                    Full release here.

                    Eurozone’s PMI manufacturing finalized at 44.4, relentless slump continues

                      Eurozone’s PMI Manufacturing was finalized at 44.4 in December, up slightly from November’s 44.2. Despite this minor uptick, marking a seven-month high, the index remained below the critical 50.0 threshold, signaling a continued deterioration in operating conditions across the sector.

                      Country-by-country breakdown of Manufacturing PMI reveals a diverse picture. Greece stands out with a PMI of 51.3, indicating expansion and marking a four-month high. In contrast, other major economies like Ireland, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Germany, France, and Austria all recorded PMIs indicative of contraction, with varying degrees of severity. Notably, France registered a PMI of 42.1, a 43-month low. On the other hand, Germany rose to an 8-month high at 433.

                      Cyrus de la Rubia, Chief Economist at Hamburg Commercial Bank, remarked on the “relentless slump” in Eurozone’s manufacturing sector, noting that the marginal improvement in the PMI does little to alleviate concerns about the persistent decline in activity and demand for manufactured goods. The consistent sluggishness in new orders was particularly alarming, reflecting a pervasive gloom across the sector.

                      According to HCOB’s Nowcast model anticipates a contraction in the Eurozone’s GDP for the fourth quarter. This projection, if realized, indicates that Eurozone may have already entered a recession as early as the third quarter.

                      Full Eurozone PMI manufacturing final release here.

                      China Caixin PMI dropped to 50.9, hard to turn around without strong stimulus

                        China Caixin PMI services dropped to 53.6 in January, down from 53.9 but beat expectation of 53.3. PMI composite dropped to 50.9, down from 52.2. Caixin noted that “services activity continues to rise solidly, but manufacturing sector remains subdued”, “new orders rise only slightly, despite rebound in export sales”, “overall employment stabilises”.

                        Commenting on the China General Services PMI™ data, Dr. Zhengsheng Zhong, Director of Macroeconomic Analysis at CEBM Group said:

                        “The Caixin China General Services Business Activity Index came in at 53.6 in January, down slightly from the previous month. Demand for services remained solid as the increase in new business accelerated marginally. The sub-index of employment rose, pointing to a faster expansion of payroll number at service providers. The fall in the input prices sub-index was quicker than the decline seen for the prices charged sub-index, which helped ease the pressure on companies’ profit margins. However, the sub-index of business expectations declined from the previous month, indicating services providers’ weakening confidence in the outlook of their operation for the coming 12 months.

                        “The Caixin China Composite Output Index fell from the previous month to 50.9 in January. The increase in new orders softened while new export business rose for the first time after dropping for nine consecutive months. That suggested the downward pressure on domestic demand was growing while external demand was holding up. The sub-index of employment rebounded to the break-even point of 50 after staying in contraction territory for seven straight months, underlining that government efforts to stabilize employment have taken effect. The sub-indices of input prices and output prices both went down, while the sub-index of future output, which reflects business confidence, edged up for the second month in a row.

                        “Overall, China’s economic growth was weighed on by weakening domestic demand in January, although exports improved marginally as the Sino-U.S. trade negotiations flagged signs of progress. The effects of China’s policies to support domestic demand and the development of the trade war between the country and the U.S. will remain key to the prospects of the Chinese economy. Given that the government has refrained from taking policies of strong stimulus, the downward trend of the economy may be hard to turn around for the time being.”

                        Full release here.

                        UK PMI construction dropped to 43.3, remained mired in a downturn

                          UK PMI Construction dropped to 43.3 in September, down from 45.0 and missed expectation of 45.0. That’s the second worst reading since April 2009. Markit noted that commercial activity remained the weakest-performing category. There was the second quickest fall in new orders for over a decade. And employment cut to greatest extent since December 2010.

                          Joe Hayes, Economist at IHS Markit, which compiles the survey:

                          “The UK construction sector remained mired in a downturn at the end of the third quarter, according to the latest PMI data. Activity is being pulled down at its second-fastest clip for over a decade as firms are buffeted by client hesitancy, heightened Brexit uncertainty and a weak outlook for the UK economy. The commercial sector was a notable casualty in September, with building activity here falling at the fastest rate since April 2009, highlighting the damaging effects of project delays and belt-tightening.

                          “Low confidence has subsequently caused construction order books to fall substantially. Panellists reported another sharp drop in demand in September that was one of the strongest in the post-crisis era. Forwardlooking indicators suggest that businesses are bracing themselves for a protracted construction slump, with input purchasing and employment both falling at rates unsurpassed since 2010.

                          “Overall, the performance of the UK economy once again hinges on the service sector showing a marked degree of resilience to offset the weakness seen in construction and manufacturing.”

                          Full release here.

                          Fed’s Bostic: Robust economy allows for unhurried monetary easing without oppressive urgency

                            Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic noted there has been “substantial and gratifying progress” in reducing inflation’s pace, but he warns against premature celebrations.

                            While inflation is expected to continue to decline, it would be “more slowly than the pace implied by where the markets signal monetary policy should be,” Bostic said in a speech overnight.

                            With a “strong labor market and macroeconomy,” Bostic highlighted the opportunity to deliberate policy shifts “without oppressive urgency”.

                             

                            EU Tusk: Everyone is exhausted with Brexit

                              European Council President Donald Tusk “on both sides of the Channel, everyone, including myself, is exhausted with Brexit, which is completely understandable.” However, he emphasized it’s not an excuse to say “let’s get it over with, just because we’re tired.”

                              He explicitly responded to a leader of a EU state who had warned “dreamers” not to think “Brexit could be reversed”. Tusk said: “At this rather difficult moment in our history, we need dreamers and dreams. We cannot give in to fatalism. At least I will not stop dreaming about a better and united Europe.”

                              European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker said it was not his working assumption that Brexit could be reversed or extended beyond a new Oct. 31 deadline.

                              ECB accounts: A very large number of members supported 50bps hike

                                In the accounts of ECB’s July 20-21 meeting, it’s noted that “a very large number of members” agreed that it was appropriate to hike interest rates by 50bps. The 50bps hike was seen as “warranted in view of the worsening of the inflation outlook since the Governing Council’s June meeting”.

                                “Some members” argued in favor of a 25bps hike as that was the “intended move communicated” at the June meeting. Also, “with recession risks looming25bps hike was seen as more in line with a “gradual monetary policy normalization.” It’s also warned that deviation from earlier guidance would “add to the prevailing market uncertainties”. But some also argued that a 50bps hike provided more clarity for market participants.

                                It’s also emphasized that the 50bps hike “did not constitute an upward shift in the interest rate path but rather a frontloading of the policy normalisation.” As for September meeting, there was broad support to move to a “meeting-by-meeting approach” to interest rates.

                                Full accounts here.

                                BoE to assess the government’s growth plan at “next scheduled meeting”

                                  BoE Governor Andrew Bailey said in a statement that it’s “monitoring developments in financial markets very closely in light of the significant repricing of financial assets.

                                  He pointed to the UK government’s Growth Plan announced on Friday and he “welcome the Government’s commitment to sustainable economic growth”.

                                  The MPC will make a full assessment “at its next scheduled meeting” of the impact of the plan on demand and inflation, and the fall in Sterling, and “act” accordingly.

                                  Full statement here.

                                  UK PM May urged support to her Brexit deal to turn a corner

                                    UK Prime Minister Theresa May continued to sell her Brexit agreement in her New Year message. He said that “the Brexit deal I have negotiated delivers on the vote of the British people and in the next few weeks MPs will have an important decision to make.” She emphasized that “if parliament backs a deal, Britain can turn a corner.”

                                    May added that “the referendum in 2016 was divisive but we all want the best for our country and 2019 can be the year we put our differences aside and move forward together, into a strong new relationship with our European neighbors and out into the world as a globally trading nation,” And, “we have all we need to thrive and if we come together in 2019 I know we can make a success of what lies ahead.”

                                    MPs are expected to re-start the debate on the Brexit agreement in the week of January 7 and a Commons vote is scheduled for the week of January 14. In the coming days, a focus will be on what further political and even legally assurances the EU will give regarding the non-permanent nature of the Irish backstop.

                                    China’s coronavirus cases slowed, but contagion to Asia intensifies

                                      New confirmed cases of Wuhan coronavirus dropped drastically in China. According to the National Health Commission, there were only 394 new cases on February 19, and that’s the lowest level since January 23. Total accumulated number of confirmed cases in China now reached 74576. Death tolls didn’t slow, however, and rose 114 to 2118.

                                      Meanwhile, the outbreak is starting to get serious in surrounding countries. South Korea reported 31 new cases of the Wuhan coronavirus today, with a new outbreak traced to church services in Daegu. Total number of cases in South Korea jumped to 82.

                                      In Japan, more than 620 passengers on the Diamond Princess liner have been infected. NHK said that two from the cruise died, citing an unnamed government source. Outside of the cruise, number of infections in Japan has more than doubled in the past week to 74. Number of cases in Singapore also reached 84. Also, two Iranian citizens, who were tested positive, have died.

                                      As widely expected, China’s PBoC cut its benchmark interest rates today, to counter the economic impact of the Wuhan coronavirus outbreak. One-year loan prime rate was lowered by -10bps to 4.05%. Five-year LPR was lowered by -5 bps to 4.80%. There is no overwhelmingly positive reaction in Hong Kong and China stock markets for now. The tiny step hinted that the Chinese government is just opting for rolling out stimulus as a measured pace.

                                      Japan’s nominal wage growth hits seven-month high, real wages still in decline

                                        Japan’s nominal wage growth surged by 2.0% yoy in January, surpassing expectations of 1.3%, and marking the most substantial growth since last June. This also represents a notable acceleration from the revised 0.8% increase observed in December.

                                        The surge in wages largely stems from a significant 16.2% yoy advance in special payments, which include winter bonuses. Regular or base salaries maintained steady growth rate of 1.4% yoy, consistent with the previous month’s performance. Meanwhile, overtime pay, a key indicator of labor demand and economic activity, showed slight improvement of 0.4% yoy, recovering from revised decline of -1.2% yoy in the prior period.

                                        Real wages declined by 0.6% yoy, marking a continued decrease in purchasing power for Japanese workers. However, the pace of decline was the joint-slowest since December 2022, indicating stabilization in the erosion of real earnings.

                                        China VP Liu to visit US on May 9-10 despite new tariff threats

                                          The Chinese Ministry of Commerce confirmed that Vice Premier Liu He will travel to the US on May 9-10 to resume trade negotiations despite re-escalated tariff threats. That’s a slight delay comparing to the original plan of traveling to the US on Wednesday. According to the MOFCOM’s statement, the visit was by invitation of US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin.C