EU Malmstrom urges New Zealand to lead by example together on multilateral trade

    EU Trade Commissioner Cecilia Malmstrom launched free trade negotiation with New Zealand in Wellington today. Trade negotiation teams from both sides would start the first round of talks in Brussels over July 16-20. Malmstrom said in a press conference after meeting New Zealand trade minister David Parker that “today is an important milestone in EU- New Zealand relations. Together, we can conclude a win-win agreement that offers benefits to business and citizens alike.”

    She also emphasized that “This agreement is an excellent opportunity to set ambitious common rules and shape globalization, making trade easier while safeguarding sustainable development. We can lead by example.”

    Malmstrom also hailed New Zealand as “a friend, an ally”. And she urged that “together we stand up for common values … of sustainable trade, open trade, transparent trade, and trade that is done in compliance with international rules in the multilateral system.”

    The New Zealand government recently launched its “Trade for All Agenda“, calling for a “progressive and inclusive” approach to negotiating trade deals. Parker said “we can not only do good for ourselves in this trade agreement but we can actually set out rules for how trading agreements should look for the betterment of the world.”

    Parker also hailed that Malmstrom has asked negotiators to work through the complicated areas early, so as not to cause delays in the end. He said “I think that demonstrates a willingness on the part of the European side of the negotiation, which we share, to bring this to a conclusion as soon as we can.”

    Joint press conference of Parker and Malmstrom.

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    SNB stands pat, raised 2018 inflation forecasts, but lowered 2020’s, full statement

      SNB left monetary policy unchanged as widely expected. Sight deposit rate is held at -0.75%. Three-month Libor target range is kept at -1.25% to -0.25%.

      SNB also pledge to stand by for intervention and “remain active in the foreign exchange market as necessary, while taking the overall currency situation into consideration”.

      2018 inflation forecast was raised to 0.9%, up from March projection of 0.6%. That’s due to a “marked rise in the price of oil”.

      2019 inflation forecast was kept unchanged at 0.9%. Though, from mid-2019, the new condition forecast is lowered due to “muted outlook in the euro area”.

      For 2020, inflation forecast was lowered to 1.6%, down from March projection of 1.9%.

      All the inflation forecasts were based on assumption the three month Libor remains at -0.75% over the entire forecast horizon.

      On global growth, SNB expected economy to continue to grow above its potential. But risks are “more to the downside” due to “political developments in certain countries as well as potential international tensions and protectionist tendencies.”

      Swiss GDP is projected to growth at around 2% in 208, unchanged. And unemployment is expected to fall further.

      Full release below.

      Swiss National Bank leaves expansionary monetary policy unchanged

      The Swiss National Bank (SNB) is maintaining its expansionary monetary policy, thereby stabilising price developments and supporting economic activity. Interest on sight deposits at the SNB remains at −0.75% and the target range for the three-month Libor is unchanged at between −1.25% and −0.25%. The SNB will remain active in the foreign exchange market as necessary, while taking the overall currency situation into consideration.

      All in all, the value of the Swiss franc has barely changed since the monetary policy assessment of March 2018. The currency remains highly valued. Following the March assessment, the Swiss franc initially depreciated slightly against the US dollar and the euro. However, in light of political uncertainty in Italy, we have since seen countermovement, particularly against the euro. The situation on the foreign exchange market thus remains fragile, and the negative interest rate and our willingness to intervene in the foreign exchange market as necessary therefore remain essential. These measures keep the attractiveness of Swiss franc investments low and ease pressure on the currency.

      The new conditional inflation forecast for the coming quarters is slightly higher than it was in March 2018 due to a marked rise in the price of oil; this price rise ceases to affect annual inflation after the first quarter of 2019. From mid-2019, the new conditional forecast is lower than it was in March 2018, mainly due to the muted outlook in the euro area. At 0.9%, the inflation forecast for 2018 is 0.3 percentage points higher than projected at the March assessment. For 2019, the SNB continues to anticipate inflation of 0.9%. For 2020, we expect to see inflation of 1.6%, compared with 1.9% forecast in the last quarter. The conditional inflation forecast is based on the assumption that the three-month Libor remains at –0.75% over the entire forecast horizon.

      Overall, global economic growth was solid in the first quarter. Growth in the US and China was strong and broad-based. The pace of economic expansion slowed in the euro area, however, albeit partly due to temporary factors. The economic signals for the coming months remain favourable. The SNB’s baseline scenario therefore assumes that the global economy will continue to grow above its potential.

      The risks to the SNB’s baseline scenario are more to the downside. Chief among them are political developments in certain countries as well as potential international tensions and protectionist tendencies.

      Switzerland’s economy continued to recover as expected, with GDP once again growing faster than estimated potential in the first quarter. Overall capacity utilisation improved further on the back of this positive development. The SNB still anticipates GDP growth of around 2% for the current year and expects to see unemployment falling further.

      Imbalances on the mortgage and real estate markets persist. While growth in mortgage lending has been only moderate over the last few quarters, real estate prices have continued to rise. Particularly in the residential investment property segment, there is the risk of a correction due to the strong increase in prices in recent years. The SNB will continue to monitor developments on the mortgage and real estate markets closely, and will regularly reassess the need for an adjustment of the countercyclical capital buffer.

      Canadian Trudeau can’t accept why Trump damages his own auto industry

        Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said yesterday that he couldn’t imagine Trump damaging the car industry of the US by imposing auto tariffs. He said, “I have a hard time accepting that any leader might do the kind of damage to his own auto industry that would happen if he were to bring in such a tariff on Canadian auto manufacturers, given the integration of the parts supply chains or the auto supply chains through the Canada-U.S. border.”

        Trudeau tried to tone down Trump’s personal attack on him. He said that “I’m not in a position to opine on motivations of the president. I’m going to stay focused on the relationship that we’re building, on defending Canada’s interests, on looking for ways to further push the benefits of improving and modernizing NAFTA … in all three of our countries.”

        Accord to a recent poll by Ipsos conducted between June 13-15, approval rating of Trudeau jumped to 50%, with 12% of Canadian strongly supporting him and 39% somewhat supporting. That’s a notable increase from the low of 44% at the end of March. That came after Trump’s personal attack on Trudeau saying that he acted so “meek and mild” during the G7 meeting. And, Trump’s trade advisor Peter Navarro said “there is a special place in hell” for Trudeau.

        Chinese Vice Premier to meet European Commission Vice President Katainen next week on trade

          Chinese Vice Premier Liu He will be meeting with European Commission Vice President Jyrki Katainen in Bejing on June 25. That’s the seventh China-EU high level economic and trade summit since 2007, when the mechanism was established.

          Spokesman of the Ministry of Commerce said in a regular briefing that the meeting is an important platform for for communications and coordinations of economic and trade policies. And it’s an important time when “trade and economic cooperation faces new historical opportunities.”

          Issues to be discussed will include ” global economic governance, trade and investment, innovation-driven development, and interconnection that are of common concern to both sides”. And, it’s a “positive signal between China and the EU to oppose unilateralism and protectionism and support the multilateral trading system.”

          New Zealand GDP grew 0.5% qoq, a look at bearish NZDUSD

            New Zealand GDP grew 0.5% qoq in the March quarter, slowed from 0.6% qoq in the prior quarter and met expectation. Over the year, GDP grew 2.7% ended March 2018. Per capita GDP was unchanged, down from 0.1% qoq rise in the prior quarter. Services industries grew 0.6%, notably slowed from prior 1.1%. Good-producing industries were flat as jump in manufacturing was offset by fall in constructions. Primary industries rebounded by growing 0.6%, up from prior quarter’s -2.6%.

            Full release here.

            New Zealand Dollar remains pressured after GDP data and is extending the recent broad based decline. It’s trading as the weakest for today and for the week.

            NZD/USD breaks May’s low at 0.6850 to resume recent down trend from 0.7436. NZD/USD action bias table and the D action bias chart show that the down trend is picking up downside momentum again.

            Nonetheless, we’d like to point out that 0.6779 (2017 low) is a key support level decisive break there will confirm completion of the corrective rise from 2015 low at 0.6102. And that will very likely resume the long term down trend from 2014 high at 0.8835, through 0.6102. So for quick trading, selling NZD/USD is the strategy for sure. But one has to be alerted as it touches 0.6779. For position trading, we’d prefer to see if 0.6779 would be taken out firmly first.

            Fed Powell: Historical experience doesn’t shed much light on unemployment-inflation relationship

              Fed Chair Jerome Powell’s speech at the ECB Forum on Central Banking in Portugal was titled “Monetary Policy at a Time of Uncertainty and Tight Labor Markets“. There he said that growth trend is “not as strong as we would like it to be”. But labor market is “particular robust”. Meanwhile, policymakers have “yet to see “if inflation could remain near to 2% target on “sustained basis”.

              Powell also compared the current labor market to the period from  February 1966 through January 1970, when unemployment rate was below 4%. He pointed out that inflation jumped from 2% in 1965 to 5% in 1970. And the unsustainably low unemployment at the time had contributed to escalating inflation.

              However, after half a century, Powell said the US economy has “changed in many ways”. And the so called “natural rate of unemployment” is “substantially lower now. The Congressional Budget Office’s estimated natural rate was at 5.75% in late 1960 but at 4.75% currently. Rising education levels was a factor that sent the natural rate down. Also, policymakers have a “greater appreciation” of the role of inflation expectation and and have clearer commitment to maintaining low and stable inflation.

              So, Powell said that “historical comparison does not shed as much light as we might have hoped.”

              More in the speech here.

              ECB forum live: Draghi, Powell, Lowe, Kuroda

                Policy panel

                • Mario Draghi, President, European Central Bank
                • Philip Lowe, Governor, Reserve Bank of Australia
                • Jerome Powell, Chair, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
                • Haruhiko Kuroda, Governor, Bank of Japan (tbc)

                  Moderator: Stephanie Flanders, Bloomberg Economics

                 

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                EU to start retaliation on EUR 2.8B US imports on June 22, EUR 3.6B to come later

                  European Commission formally announced retaliation to US steel and aluminum tariffs today. The total EU exports to the US affected by the US measures is at EUR 6.4B. For now, EU will target US products in EUR 2.8B worth first, effective on Friday June 22. Duties on the remaining EUR 3.6B in US goods will take place at a later stage, “in three years’ time or after a positive finding in WTO dispute settlements.

                  Commissioner for Trade Cecilia Malmström said: “We did not want to be in this position. However, the unilateral and unjustified decision of the US to impose steel and aluminium tariffs on the EU means that we are left with no other choice. The rules of international trade, which we have developed over the years hand in hand with our American partners, cannot be violated without a reaction from our side. Our response is measured, proportionate and fully in line with WTO rules. Needless to say, if the US removes its tariffs, our measures will also be removed.”

                  Here is the full release.

                  This is the list of products for rebalancing.

                  Asian business sentiments deteriorated on trade war risks

                    Sentiments of Asian Business deteriorated in Q2 according to a survey by Thomson Reuters and INSEAD, over June 1-15. The sentiment index, representing six-month outlook from 61 firms, dropped -5pts to 74 in Q2. It hit a seven-year high of 79 in Q1. That’s also the first decline since September 2017 even though reading above 50 still indicates a positive outlook.

                    Antonio Fatas, a Singapore-based economics professor at global business school INSEAD, said in the released that “Trade war is not a risk but a reality.” He added that “U.S. tariffs are going up against China but also against some of its traditional allies, such as Canada and the European Union. They are all about to retaliate and today we do not see an easy way out.” Fatas also said “companies can try to go around tariffs by moving production to other countries, this is costly and inefficient. It is a short-term solution but not optimal.”

                    Among responses, worries of global trade war, higher interest rates, rising oil/commodity prices and foreign exchange fluctuation are see as the biggest perceived risks to business outlook.

                    Full release here.

                    China vows to fight as concessions will not appease Trump’s blood lust

                      China stepped up its rhetoric against US threat of tariffs through an English editorial in the official China Daily. There it warned that “faced with this heightened intimidation from the US, China has no choice but to fight back with targeted and direct measures aimed at persuading the US to back off, since it appears that any concessions it makes will not appease the Trump administration, which wants to suck the lifeblood from the Chinese economy.”

                      And, “Beijing will have to ensure that Washington is aware that there will be heavy price to pay every action it strikes against China if it is to avoid being a victim of the Trump administration’s growing blood lust.” “Those US companies and workers that feel the brunt of China’s retaliation should pass the word to Washington, that despite the pronounced aim of the Trump administration being to protect domestic industries and workers, the injuries that will be done them will be because of its actions.”

                      On other hand, White House trade adviser Peter Navarro warned China “may have underestimated the strong resolve of President Donald J. Trump.” And, “if they thought that they could buy us off cheap with a few extra products sold and allow them to continue to steal our intellectual property and crown jewels, that was a miscalculation.”

                      BoE to stand pat tomorrow, August hike uncertain

                        BoE will most likely keep the Bank Rate unchanged at 0.50% tomorrow. Known hawks Ian McCafferty and Michael Saunders are expected to vote for rate hike while others would vote for standing pat. There will be no inflation report but just the meeting minutes. And attention will on whether the minutes give any hint on an August hike.

                        According to the latest Bloomberg survey, only 55% of respondents forecast a hike in August. That’s even down from 60% in a similar survey in May. The economists projected UK economy to growth 1.4% in 2018, better than May projection of 1.3%, after some positive economic data. Inflation forecast was unchanged at 2.5% yoy in 2018 and 2.1% yoy in 2019.

                        One side note to mention is that McCafferty will end his term on August 31. He will be replaced by Jonathan Haskel, an professor of economics at Imperial College Business School. At this point, it’s unsure how the replace with reshape the MPC.

                        BoJ minutes: Timing of reaching inflation target was merely a projection

                          BoJ released minutes of the April 26-27 meeting today. The only surprise out of that meeting was that BoJ dropped the time frame it set for achieving the 2% inflation target. The minutes provided more details on the discussions. Many members believed that the timing of reaching the 2% inflation was “merely a projection”. At the some time, “some market participants perceived this projection as a deadline for achieving 2 percent inflation, linking changes in said timing to policy adjustments, and this view was deeply entrenched among them.”

                          Some members expressed that “attracting excessive attention merely to forecast figures would not be appropriate from the perspective of communication with the markets”. And, most members expressed that ” it was appropriate to cease providing a description on the projected timing of achieving the price stability target”. And that was with the aim to clarify that the timing was “not a specific deadline” for meeting inflation target. Nonetheless, one member expressed the concern that dropping the time frame could “weaken the effects of the commitment” of BoJ to hit target.

                          Full minutes here.

                          US to announce withdrawal from UN human rights council

                            Reuters reported the U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley will announce to withdraw from United Nations Human Rights Council today. That would be another isolationist move by the US in rejection of multilateral engagements.

                            The US had history of boycotting the council for three years under George W. Bush, then rejoined under Barrack Obama in 2009.

                            Haley has been calling for reform and elimination of a “chronic anti-Israel bias” but the progress is seen as dissatisfactory.

                            EU to pursh for WTO reforms at upcoming summit

                              According to a draft statement prepared for the June 28-29 EU summit, European leaders are ready for retaliation against US steel and aluminum tariffs. There is also an initiative to push for reforms in the WTO to preserve and deepen rules-based multilateral global trade system.

                              The draft reiterated EU’s stance that US steel and aluminum tariffs “cannot be justified on the grounds of national security.” And, the European Council “fully supports the re-balancing measures, potential safeguard measures to protect our own markets, and the legal proceedings at the WTO.” Initial retaliation include 25% duty on EUR 2.8B US imports including motor cycles, jeans and whiskies.

                              Regarding WTO, the draft said “in a context of growing trade tensions, the European Council underlines the importance of preserving and deepening the rules-based multilateral system.” And, “it invites the commission to propose a comprehensive approach to improving, together with like-minded partners, the functioning of the WTO in crucial areas such as more flexible negotiations, new rules that address current gaps, including in the field of subsidies, reduction of trade costs, a new approach to development and effective and transparent enforcement, with a view to ensuring a level playing field.”

                              China’s PBoC in preparation for trade war escalation

                                In an interview, China’s PBoC Governor Yi Gang said recent stock market volatility is emotion-driven and urged investors to stay calm. He referred to the -3.78% decline in the Shanghai Composite today. Yi added that resilience of the Chinese economy has increased. Additionally, as domestic demand picked up, China’s reliance on international trade has dropped from 64% in 2006 to 33% last year. That’s even lower than the world’s average of 42. Current account surplus’ contribution to GDP also dropped from 10% in 2007 to 1.3% last year. He noted that the “economic endogenous potential is huge and there are sufficient conditions and space to deal with various trade frictions.”

                                Earlier today, the PBoC injected CNY 200B liquidity into the markets through its medium-term lending facility (MLF). PBoC said the cash injection was to “make up for mid- to long-term liquidity gap in the banking system”. But it’s seen by analyst as part of the package of measures safeguard the economy, in preparation for further escalation in trade conflict with the US. In addition to that, it’s believed China would also quicken the boost in domestic demand through fiscal polices like tax cuts and spending.

                                Into US session: Yen strongest, Aussie weakest, AUDJPY medium term view

                                  Entering into US session, Yen remains the strongest one for today on risk aversion, followed by Dollar. Australian dollar suffers most, partly due to RBA minutes. And more important due to its close trade tie with China and the US, Australia is inevitable to suffer as casualty in trade war between the two countries.

                                  For now, AUD/JPY is staying above 80.48 support. But this level is rather vulnerable. Both H and 6H action bias showed persistent downside red bars, indicating solid downside momentum.

                                  More importantly, D action bias has also turned downside red today, with W action bias staying neutral. A look at D and W action bias charts should the cross was in a short-to-medium term consolidation pattern since March. And it’s probably ready for a break out.

                                  The regular OHLC weekly chart also showed clear rejection by 55 week EMA, which is medium term bearish. We’d expect a break of 80.48 low soon, to 61.8% retracement of 72.39 to 90.29 at 79.26. This level could be taken out without much hesitation based on current momentum. AUD/JPY would target 100% projection of 89.08 to 80.48 from 84.52 at 75.92 later in the year.

                                  Ifo downgraded German growth forecasts notably

                                    The Ifo said in a report today that “Storm Clouds Gather Over German Economy“. It said, the upswing since last year has “lost impetus” and “international economic risks in particular have growth significantly.

                                    German GDP growth is expected to slow from 2017’s 2.2% to 1.8% in 2018 and 1.8% in 2019. That’s notable downward revision from Spring forecasts of 2.2% in 2018 and 2.0% in 2019.

                                    Inflation, though, is projected to climb from 1.8% in 2017 to 2.0% in 2018 and 2.1% in 2019. That’s upward revisions from Spring forecasts of 1.7% in 2018 and 1.9% in 2019.

                                    Even after the downward revision in growth projection, Ifo noted that downward risks have “increased significantly”. In particular, it singled out the US as external risk. It pointed out “in June 2018 the USA introduced tariffs of 25% on steel and 10% on aluminium imports from Canada, Mexico and the European Union. Although the long-term effects of these tariffs are relatively weak, the USA is currently considering whether it should introduce a tariff on imported cars too. Overall, this would lead to considerably higher GDP losses. At the same time, the EU and China have announced retaliatory tariffs, meaning that the introduction of further trade barriers is no longer a negligible risk.”

                                    In addition, Ifo pointed to US triggered supply side driving oil price surge as another risk. It noted, “the increase in oil prices up until the beginning of this year were largely demand-side driven. Since then friction between the USA and Iran have promoted a supply-side in-crease in oil prices, which is likely to have a dampening impact on the world economy. If the pressure from the US government on the EU were to become so great that the EU revoked the nuclear agreement, oil prices would continue to rise and curb growth in world production.”

                                    Full releases here.

                                    ECB Draghi: Policy to remain patient, persistent and prudent

                                      ECB President Mario Draghi delivers his speech on “Monetary policy in the euro area” at the ECB Forum on Central Banking today.

                                      He opened by saying that “the euro area’s economy continues on a growth path and inflation is gradually returning towards our objective.” But recent data created “questions about the durability of the growth outlook”. And, the financial crisis presented policy makers with “new issues and fresh challenges in understanding the wage- and price-setting process.” For now, “ample degree of monetary accommodation” will help lifting inflation towards target. And that will be “maintained even after a gradual winding-down of our net asset purchases.” Draghi emphasized that “this requires monetary policy in the euro area to remain patient, persistent and prudent.”

                                      Draghi reiterated the decisions made last week on ending the asset purchase program in December, reinvesting the principle payments afterwards, and, keep interest rates unchanged through the summer of 2019. He added that “this enhanced forward guidance clearly signals that we will remain patient in determining the timing of the first rate rise and will take a gradual approach to adjusting policy thereafter.

                                      Full speech here.

                                      RBA unsure next move is a hike?

                                        A major surprise from the RBA minutes released today is that it no longer predicts the next rate move as a increase. Back in the April and May meeting minutes, the central bank noted that “in the current circumstances, members agreed that it was more likely that the next move in the cash rate would be up, rather than down.” But such reference is taken out from the June minutes. It could be a sign that RBA is less confidence that the next move is a rate hike.

                                        While that’s a notable change, it shouldn’t be taken too seriously for the time being. The minutes were on the meeting held on June 5. On June 13, last Wednesday, RBA Governor Philip Lowe reiterated in a speech that “the national accounts provided confirmation that the Australian economy is moving in the right direction … If this continues to be the case, it is likely that the next move in interest rates will be up, not down.”

                                        Otherwise, the minutes revealed nothing special. The main factor behind RBA’s neutral stance is sluggish wage growth. It reiterated that the unemployment rate steadied at 5.5%. Ratio of job vacancies to the number of unemployed workers had remained well below levels seen a decade earlier. Both suggested that “spare capacity remained in the labour market.” And, “wages had continued to grow at a low and stable rate”.

                                        China condemns US blackmailing after Trump threatens with extra tariffs on USD 200B Chinese products

                                          Trump ordered US Trade Representative to identify USD 200B worth of Chinese products for additional 10% tariffs. It noted in the statement that “the initial tariffs that the President asked us to put in place were proportionate and responsive to forced technology transfer and intellectual property theft by the Chinese. It is very unfortunate that instead of eliminating these unfair trading practices China said that it intends to impose unjustified tariffs targeting U.S. workers, farmers, ranchers, and businesses. At the President’s direction, USTR is preparing the proposed tariffs to offset China’s action.”

                                          Full USTR statement.

                                          The Chinese Ministry of Commerce vowed to fight back with “qualitative” and “quantitative” for any additional tariffs. The MOFCOM condemned to initiative of imposing extra tariffs on USD 200B of Chinese goods. It said in a statement today that “Such a practice of extreme pressure and blackmailing deviates from the consensus reached by both sides on multiple occasions, and is a disappointment for the international community.” And, “the United States has initiated a trade war and violated market regulations, and is harming the interests of not just the people of China and the U.S., but of the world.”

                                          MOFCOM statement (in simplified Chinese).