BoJ warns of significant downside risks concerning overseas economies

    BoJ left monetary policy unchanged today as widely expected. Under the yield curve control framework, short-term policy interest rate was kept at -0.1%. JGB purchase will continue continue to keep 10-year JGB yield at around zero percent, with some flexibility depending on developments. Monetary base is expected to increase at around JPY 80T per annum. Y. Harada and G. Kataoka dissented again in 7-2 vote.

    In the accompanying statement, BoJ warned that “downside risks concerning overseas economies are likely to be significant”. Risks include US macroeconomic policies, consequences of protectionist moves and their effects, emerging markets such as China, global adjustments in IT-related goods, Brexit and geopolitical risks.

    Though, BoJ maintained that Japan’s economy is “likely to continue on a moderate expanding trend”. Domestic demand is expected to follow an uptrend. Exports are projected to show some weakness, but would stay on a “moderate increasing trend”. CPI is likely to increase gradually toward 2 percent, mainly on the back of the output gap remaining positive and medium- to long-term inflation expectations rising.

    Full statement here.

    Dollar stays pressured on Dovish Fed, more reviews

      Dollar remains the weakest one in Asian session today and selloff is picking up against Yen and Canadian Dollar. Nevertheless, there is no clear follow through decline against others so far. Technically, USD/JPY has resumed recent fall from 112.40 and is on track for 104.69 support. USD/CAD’s break of 1.3239 also resumes decline from 1.3564. 1.3068 support will be next target. Against Euro and Sterling, Dollar has yet to break near term structural support at 1.1347 and 1.2765 yet. Stocks were not too happy with the announcement, with DOW closed up only 0.15%.

      Fed’s announcement overnight was clearly dovish, but not dovish enough to trigger a free fall in the greenback. In short, Fed dropped its “patient” stance and pledged it “will act “will act as appropriate” to incoming data. In the new economic median economic projections, Fed forecasts interest rates to be unchanged this year, followed by a cut in 2020, and then a hike in 2021.

      Fed Chair Jerome Powell insisted in the post meeting press conference that ” the baseline outlook remains favorable”. He pointed that “Seven weeks ago we had a great jobs report and came out of the last meeting feeling that the economy and our policy was in a good place.” However, “news about trade has been an important driver of sentiment in the interim.” And, the question is whether these uncertainties will continue to weigh on the outlook and thus call for additional monetary policy accommodation”. He emphasized that “ultimately the question we are going to be asking ourselves is, ‘are these risks going to be continuing to weigh on the outlook?'”

      Here are suggested readings on FOMC:

      Fed Powell press conference live stream

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        Dollar down but not out, Fed not patient but not impatient

          Dollar drops broadly after Fed stands pat, removed “patience” with “will act as appropriate” (statement) . In the new economic projections, Fed forecasts no change in interest rate in 2019, but projects one rate cut in 2020. Selloff in the greenback is so far limited for the moment. Fed does deliver dovishness to the market. Yet, it’s possible not dovish enough to those who’re expecting two rate cuts this year, with one in July. Fed is no longer patient, but the overall announce argues that it’s in no rush neither.

          At this point, DOW is only up around 50 pts, or 0.20%.

          USD/JPY is still held above 107.81 low.

          Though, EUR/USD’s breach of 1.1247 suggests it’s heading back to 1.1347 resistance.

          USD/CAD also finally makes up its mind and break through 1.3328 support, heading back to 1.3239. CAD is also rising on stronger than expected inflation data released earlier today.

          Fed forecasts rate cut in 2020, revised down inflation projections

            The most important part of Fed’s new projection is that policymakers are expecting possibly one 25bps rate cut in 2020, instead of one 25bps rate hike. Median federal funds rates is at 2.1% by the end of 2020, revised down from 2.6%. Nevertheless, for this year, median federal funds rates forecast is unchanged at 2.4%. Fed indeed expect interest rate to go back to 2.4% in 2021.

            Inflation appears to be main driver behind the forecasts. Core PCE inflation projections in 2019 and 2020 are both revised down. Though, it should b noted that GDP growth for 2020 was revised up, likely due to the rate cut. Unemployment rate forecasts are revised down for whole horizon.

            Overall, the economic projections are in-line with Fed’s statement that “will act as appropriate” to economic data. But the so called “insurance” rate cut may not come as early as some expected.

            Here are some details.

            GDP growth:

            • 2019 at 2.1%, unchanged
            • 2020 at 2.0%, revised up from 1.9%.
            • 2021 at 1.7%, unchanged.

            Unemployment rate:

            • 2019 at 3.6%, revised down from 3.7%.
            • 2020 at 3.7%, revised down from 3.8%.
            • 2021 at 3.8%, revised down from 3.9%.

            Core PCE inflation:

            • 2019 at 1.8%, revised down from 2.0%.
            • 2020 at 1.9%, revised down from 2.0%.
            • 2021 at 2.0%, unchanged.

            Federal funds rate:

            • 2019 at 2.4%, unchanged.
            • 2020 at 2.1%, revised down from 2.1%.
            • 2021 at 2.4%, revised down from 2.6%.
            • Longer range rate at 2.5%, revised down from 2.8%.

            Fed keeps interest rate at 2.25-2.50%, no longer patient

              Fed kept federal funds rate unchanged at 2.25-2.50% as widely expected. The most important change in the statement is dropping the language that “Committee will be patient as it determines what future adjustments”. Instead, the committee “will act as appropriate to sustain the expansion, with a strong labor market and inflation near its symmetric 2 percent objective.” Another important point to note is that Bullard dissented and wanted a cut.

              On inflation, Fed acknowledged that “market-based measures of inflation compensation have declined”. Though, it maintained that “survey-based measures of longer-term inflation expectations are little changed.” On the positive side, Fed also said, “growth of household spending appears to have picked up”.

              Full statement below.

              Federal Reserve Issues FOMC Statement

              Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in May indicates that the labor market remains strong and that economic activity is rising at a moderate rate. Job gains have been solid, on average, in recent months, and the unemployment rate has remained low. Although growth of household spending appears to have picked up from earlier in the year, indicators of business fixed investment have been soft. On a 12-month basis, overall inflation and inflation for items other than food and energy are running below 2 percent. Market-based measures of inflation compensation have declined; survey-based measures of longer-term inflation expectations are little changed.

              Consistent with its statutory mandate, the Committee seeks to foster maximum employment and price stability. In support of these goals, the Committee decided to maintain the target range for the federal funds rate at 2-1/4 to 2-1/2 percent. The Committee continues to view sustained expansion of economic activity, strong labor market conditions, and inflation near the Committee’s symmetric 2 percent objective as the most likely outcomes, but uncertainties about this outlook have increased. In light of these uncertainties and muted inflation pressures, the Committee will closely monitor the implications of incoming information for the economic outlook and will act as appropriate to sustain the expansion, with a strong labor market and inflation near its symmetric 2 percent objective.

              In determining the timing and size of future adjustments to the target range for the federal funds rate, the Committee will assess realized and expected economic conditions relative to its maximum employment objective and its symmetric 2 percent inflation objective. This assessment will take into account a wide range of information, including measures of labor market conditions, indicators of inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and readings on financial and international developments.

              Voting for the monetary policy action were Jerome H. Powell, Chair; John C. Williams, Vice Chair; Michelle W. Bowman; Lael Brainard; Richard H. Clarida; Charles L. Evans; Esther L. George; Randal K. Quarles; and Eric S. Rosengren. Voting against the action was James Bullard, who preferred at this meeting to lower the target range for the federal funds rate by 25 basis points.

              Boris Johnson wins another round of Conservative leadership vote, Stewart eliminated

                Boris Johnson wong another round of Conservative leadership ballot today, getting 143 votes. Main rival Jeremy Hunt followed as second and won 54 votes. Michael Gove got 51 while Sajid Javid got 38. Rory Stewart got only 27 and was eliminated.

                GBP/USD is in a strong recovery today but upside is held well below 1.2763 resistance. Thus, near term outlook remains bearish. Next move will depend on FOMC rate decision.

                USTR Lighthizer: It’s in the interests of both China and US to have a deal

                  US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer told the House Ways and Means Committee that he’s going to have a phone call with Chinese Vice Premier Liu He “in the next day and a half”, regarding restarting trade negotiation. And, he will meet Liu together with Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin in Osaka next week, ahead of the Trump-XI summit.

                  Lighthizer noted that “we have a very unbalanced relationship with China and we have one that risks literally the jobs of the future.” But he also admitted that “it’s in the interests of both China and the United States to have some kind of successful agreement.”

                  US oil inventory dropped -3.1M barrels, little reaction in WTI, stays bearish

                    US commercial crude oil inventories dropped -3.1M barrels  in the week ending June 14, larger than expectation of -1.5M. At 482.4 million barrels, U.S. crude oil inventories are about 7% above the five year average for this time of year.

                    WTI crude oil has little reaction the data. The break of 4 hour 55 EMA is another sign of stabilization in oil price. Yet, WTI is held below 54.86 resistance so far. Thus, near term outlook remain bearish for another fall. Break of 50.64 and sustained trading below 61.8% retracement of 42.05 to 66.49 at 51.38 could pave the way to retest 42.05 low. However, sustained break of 54.86 will confirm short term bottoming. Stronger rebound would than be seen back to 55 day EMA (now at 57.59).

                    Canada CPI accelerated to 2.4%, beat expectations, CAD jumps

                      Canada CPI accelerated to 2.4% yoy in May, up from 2.0% yoy and beat expectation of 2.1% yoy. CPI core-common was unchanged at 1.8% yoy, missed expectation of 1.9% yoy. But CPI core-median rose to 2.1% yoy, up from 1.9% yoy and beat expectation of 1.9% yoy. CPI core-trim also accelerated to 2.3% yoy, up from 2.0% yoy and beat expectation of 2.1% yoy.

                      The 12-month change in the Consumer Price Index

                      Looking at some details, prices increased year over year in all eight major components in May, with six components growing at faster rates and two components growing at the same pace compared with April. Higher prices for food (3.5%) and transportation (3.1%) contributed to the increased growth in the all-items index.

                      Consumer prices increase in all major components

                      Full release here.

                      USD/CAD drops notably as the release further reduce the chance of BoC rate cut. Nevertheless, sellers are so far refrained as FOMC rate decisions and statement lie ahead, with new economic projections.

                      Into US session: Risk appetite recedes mildly, Swiss and Sterling Strongest

                        Entering into US session, New Zealand Dollar and Australian Dollar soften mildly ask risk appetite recedes today. ECB Vice President Luis de Guindos affirmed the stance that the central bank is ready to “act” should inflation expectation expectations “de-anchor”. Messages from China affirmed that there will be a Trump-Xi meeting at G20 next week. But traders generally turn cautious ahead of FOMC rate decision today

                        Staying in the currency markets, Canadian Dollar is the third weakest ahead of Canada CPI and oil inventory. Dollar is also softer ahead of Fed. The key will be Fed’s two Ps, “patience” and “projections”. We’d see if Fed is ready for an “insurance” rate cut in July. For now, Swiss Franc is the strongest one for today, followed by Sterling, and then Euro.

                        In Europe, currently:

                        • FTSE is down -0.31%.
                        • DAX is up 0.10%.
                        • CAC is up 0.10%.
                        • German 10-year yield is up 0.0308 at -0.287.

                        Earlier in Asia:

                        • Nikkei rose 1.72%.
                        • Hong Kong HSI rose 2.56%.
                        • China Shanghai SSE rose 0.96%.
                        • Singapore Strait Times rose 1.53%.
                        • Japan 10-year JGB yield dropped -0.0042 to -0.134.

                        ECB de Guindos: If inflation expectations start to de-anchor, we will act

                          ECB Vice President Luis de Guindos said today that the centra bank foresees “lingering softness” n the near term, due to geopolitical factors and trade tensions. Both are weighing on exports and manufacturing in Eurozone economy.

                          He emphasized that “if we see that inflation expectations start to de-anchor, we will act.” ECB has a “wide range of instruments available”, including forward guidance, TLTRO and QE is one of them. And, “a combination of actions” could be used to restore inflation.

                          De Guindos’ comments echoed President Mario Draghi’s yesterday. Draghi said, “in the absence of improvement, such that the sustained return of inflation to our aim is threatened, additional stimulus will be required.”

                          China: Four decades of history shows it’s possible to have positive outcomes in Xi-Trump meeting

                            Regarding the upcoming meeting between Trump and Xi at G20, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Lu Kang said “The two leaders will talk about whatever they want”. And, “a deal is not only in the interests of the two peoples but meets the aspirations of the whole world.”

                            He added “I’m not getting ahead of myself, but communication over four decades shows it is possible to achieve positive outcomes.”

                            UK CPI slowed to 2.0% in May, core CPI slowed to 1.7%

                              UK CPI rose 0.3% mom in May. Annually, CPI slowed to 2.0% yoy, down from 2.1% yoy. Core CPI slowed to 1.7%, down from 1.8%. All three figures matched expectations. Also released, RPI was unchanged at 3.0% yoy, above expectation of 2.9% yoy. PPI input slowed to 1.3% yoy, beat expectation of 0.8% yoy. PPI output slowed to 1.8% yoy, matched expectations. PPI output core slowed to 2.0% yoy, matched expectations. House price index was unchanged at 1.4% yoy in April, above expectation of 1.1% yoy.

                              Two Ps to watch in FOMC: Patience and Projections

                                Fed is widely expected to keep federal funds rate unchanged at 2.25-2.50% today. After recent rhetorics from Fed officials, markets are now looking for clues on rate cuts later in the year. As of yesterday, Fed fund futures are pricing in 85.3% of an “insurance” cut in July to 2.00-2.25%. By December meeting, markets see 83.6% chance of a total of two cuts to bring interest rates to 1.75-2.00%. However, in our view, the pricings are based on assumption of further worsening of US-China trade war. Such expectations could drastically change after Trump’s “extended meeting” with Xi at G20 next week.

                                As for today’s announcement, a major focus is this sentence in the statement: “the Committee will be patient as it determines what future adjustments to the target range for the federal funds rate may be appropriate”. Change in the statement to remove the element of “patience” will be a strong indication that Fed is ready to move. Otherwise, July could be a little too soon for the “insurance” cut.

                                Additionally, we’d emphasize that the changes in the statement have to be confirmed by new economic projections. In March, 2019 median projections forecasts GDP to grow 2.1%, unemployment rate to be at 3.7%, core PCE to be at 2.0%. There have to be material downgrades in the numbers, in particular core PCE, support Fed’s cut. And of course, Fed projected interest rates to be at 2.4%, that is no change from current 2.25-2.50%, by the end of 2019. This figure has to be revised down too. After all, we believe that the high uncertainty of trade war should be disregarded in the forecasts. So, if they’re dovish, they’re really dovish.

                                Fed’s March projections:

                                Here are some suggested readings on FOMC:

                                Asian business sentiment sank to decade low, not just uncertainty but true slowdown

                                  The Thomson Reuters/INSEAD Asian Business Sentiment Index dropped sharply from 63 to 53 in Q2. Worries over US-China trade war sent sentiments down to the worst reading since Q2 of 2009. The index tracks companies’ six-month outlook. The survey interviewed 95 companies in 11 Asia-Pacific countries that together contribute about a third of GDP and are home to 45% of the world’s population. It was conducted from May 31 to June 14.

                                  Antonio Fatas, professor at global business school INSEAD said “it was the uncertainty about the trade war and people were worried about the future”. And, “after four quarters of low numbers that now, it’s not just uncertainty. This is a true slowdown in growth. We see activity declining — it’s not just the expectation that activity will decline.”

                                  Full release here.

                                  Japan exports shrank for sixth straight months, won’t take sides on US-China trade war

                                    In Japan, trade balance recorded deficit of JPY -0.97T (non seasonally adjusted) in May, first deficit in four months. Exports dropped -7.8% yoy to JPY 5.84T, sixth consecutive month of decline. Imports dropped -1.5% to JPY 6.80T, first decline in three months. Sluggish exports are generally seen as the results of on-going, escalating US-China trade war, which remains a negative factor for the Japanese economy.

                                    Looking at some details (non seasonally adjusted):

                                    • Exports to China dropped -9.7% yoy.
                                    • Imports from China dropped -0.9% yoy.
                                    • Exports to EU dropped -7.1% yoy.
                                    • Imports from EU rose 8.7% yoy.
                                    • Exports to US rose 3.3% yoy.
                                    • Imports from US dropped -1.6% yoy.

                                    Separately, Masatsugu Asakawa, Japan’s vice finance minister for international affairs, said more substantial talks on trade policy will be held in the G20 summit in Osaka next week. But he also noted that “Japan won’t take sides on US-China trade friction, our stance is to not take steps that violate WTO rules.”

                                    UK Johnson stays as the far and away favorite after Tuesday votes

                                      Former UK Foreign Minister Boris Johnson further solidified his place as far and away favorite to be the next Conservative Leader and Prime Minister. In the last round of leadership vote on Thursday, Johnson got 126 votes, nearly three times of runner-up, current Foreign Minister, Jeremy Hunt’s 46. Environment Secretary Michael Gove was third with 41 votes, and International Development Secretary Rory Stewart was fourth with 37, Home Secretary Sajid Javid had 33. Dominic Raab, with 30 votes, was knocked out. More votes are scheduled for Wednesday and Thursday.

                                      In a televised debate yesterday, Johnson pledged that “we must come out on the 31 Oct. because, otherwise I am afraid we face a catastrophic loss in politics”. And, “unless we do it, unless we get out on Oct. 31 I think we will all start to pay a really serious price.”

                                      Trump: I think we have a chance for a trade deal with China

                                        Risk appetite was given a strong boost as US and China are returning to the table for trade negotiations. At the time of writing, Nikkei is up 1.74%, Hong Kong HSI is up 2.37% and China Shanghai SSE is up 1.50%. Overnight, DOW rose 1.35%, S&P 500 rose 0.97% and NASDAQ rose 1.39%. Of course, in the background, ECB’s hints on additional monetary stimulus ahead were confidence lifting too.

                                        The news started with Trump tweeting yesterday that he had a “very good telephone conversation” with Chinese President Xi Jinping. And Trump said both will have an “extended meeting” next week at the G20 in Osaka, Japan. The phone call was also confirmed by China’s state media.

                                        Later at the White House, Trump told reporters, “I think we have a chance. I know that China wants to make a deal. They don’t like the tariffs, and a lot of companies are leaving China in order to avoid the tariffs”. He added “I think the meeting might very well go well, and frankly our people are starting to deal as of tomorrow. The teams are starting to deal. So we’ll see. China would like to make a deal. We’d like to make a deal, but it has to be a good deal for everybody.”

                                        Chinese state media reported Xi saying “The key is to show consideration to each other’s legitimate concerns. We also hope that the United States treats Chinese companies fairly. I agree that the economic and trade teams of the two countries will maintain communication on how to resolve differences.”

                                        HK HSI gaps higher at open and is currently up more than 2.3%.

                                        Kudlow: There’s a certain joy Trump and Xi are back to discussion

                                          Trump tweeted earlier today that he had a phone call Chinese President Xi Jinping. And both agreed to have an “extended meeting” next week at G20 in Japan. This news is confirmed by Chinese State media. And XI said “the key is to show consideration to each other’s legitimate concerns. We also hope that the United States treats Chinese companies fairly. I agree that the economic and trade teams of the two countries will maintain communication on how to resolve differences.”

                                          White House economic adviser Larry Kudlow welcomed the meeting and said “No results are guaranteed – I think people know that – but I think there’s a certain joy that they are back to a discussion.” Though, he also emphasized US “wants to continue the conversations about structural changes regarding intellectual property theft and forced technology transfers and market openings and tariffs… We’re looking for an enforceable agreement as we always have – that’s absolutely vital. So all of those general topics will be on the table.”