Fed’s Daly to assess upcoming data before finalizing rate cut size

    In an interview with Reuters, San Francisco Fed President Mary Daly acknowledged that a rate cut is widely expected this month, but emphasized that the exact size of the cut remains uncertain.

    “We don’t know yet, right?” Daly said, noting that key data such as the upcoming labor market and CPI reports will play a critical role in the decision-making process. She added, “I want more time to do all the work that’s needed to make the best decision.”

    Daly also warned of the risks of over-tightening, particularly as inflation eases while the economy slows. “As inflation falls, we’ve got a real rate of interest that’s rising into a slowing economy; that’s a basic recipe for over-tightening,” she explained.

    Highlighting the importance of protecting the labor market, she stressed that further slowing would be “unwelcome” and a key factor in shaping future policy decisions.

     

    Fed’s Beige Book signals slowdown with widespread stagnation across districts

      Fed’s latest Beige Book report highlights a growing economic slowdown across the US. While economic activity grew slightly in three Districts, the number of Districts reporting flat or declining activity increased from five in the previous period to nine in the current period, indicating broader stagnation.

      Employment levels were generally “flat to up slightly”, with five Districts noting modest increases in headcounts. However, some Districts reported that firms are reducing shifts, leaving positions unfilled, or trimming headcounts through attrition, though layoffs remain uncommon. Wage growth continues at a modest pace, consistent with the recent trend of slowing wage increases.

      Overall, prices increased modestly during the reporting period, but three Districts saw only slight rises in selling prices. Nonlabor input costs were mostly described as modest to moderate and generally easing, though one District reported a slight uptick in input cost increases.

      Full Fed’s Beige Book report here.

      Fed’s Bostic signals shift in focus as inflation eases and labor market cools

        In an essay published today, Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic emphasized Fed’s dual mandate of price stability and maximum employment.

        While he has been “intensely focused” on controlling inflation for the past three years, “that’s changing” as eroding pricing power and a cooling labor market come into play.

        “I’ve rebalanced my focus toward both sides of the dual mandate for the first time since early 2021,” he wrote.

        Bostic emphasized that while inflation is not yet fully under control, saying “I am not quite prepared to declare victory over inflation,” Fed must also avoid keeping monetary policy too restrictive for too long.

        He stressed the importance of not waiting until inflation reaches the 2% target to begin easing, as maintaining high interest rates for too long could cause “labor market disruptions that could inflict unnecessary pain and suffering.”

        Full essay of Fed’s Bostic here.

        BoC cuts rates to 4.25%, continues to monitor opposing inflationary forces

          BoC reduced its overnight rate by 25bps to 4.25%, as widely anticipated. In its statement, the central bank highlighted the “opposing forces” at play on inflation. On one hand, excess supply is pushing inflation lower, while rising costs in the shelter and services sectors are keeping inflationary pressures elevated. BoC reaffirmed that future policy decisions will be data-dependent, guided by the evolving inflation outlook.

          While Q2 GDP growth came in at 2.1%, “slightly stronger than forecast,” the central bank noted that economic activity softened in June and July based on preliminary indicators. The labor market, though slowing, continues to see wage growth at elevated levels.

          Inflation has slowed to 2.5%, in line with BoC’s expectations, and core inflation remains around 2.5%. The share of CPI components growing above 3% has returned to its “historical norm.”

          High shelter price inflation remains the largest contributor to overall inflation, although it is beginning to cool. However, inflation in other services remains persistently elevated, keeping upward pressure on prices.

          Full BoC statement here.

          Eurozone PPI rises 0.8% in Jul, driven by energy costs

            In July, Eurozone  PPI rose 0.8% mom, surpassing expectations of 0.3% mom increase. On a yearly basis, however, PPI was down by -2.1% yoy, though better than the expected -2.5% yoy decline. Energy costs were the primary driver, with prices surging by 2.8% mom during the month, while other sectors showed more modest or negative price movements. Intermediate goods fell by -0.1% mom, durable consumer goods rose 0.1% mom, and non-durable consumer goods dipped by -0.1% mom. Prices for capital goods remained unchanged.

            EU-wide PPI also saw significant movement, falling -0.8% mom and -19% yoy. The biggest monthly price increases were recorded in Bulgaria (+3.6%), Greece (+2.9%), and Romania (+2.7%), while the largest decreases occurred in Sweden (-0.9%), Finland (-0.7%), and Austria (-0.2%).

            Full Eurozone PPI release here.

            UK PMI services finalized at 53.7, inflation pressures ease

              UK services sector continued its expansion in August, with the PMI Services index finalized at 53.7, up from 52.5 in July, marking the 10th consecutive month of growth. PMI Composite also showed improvement, climbing to 53.8 from 52.8, indicating the fastest pace of overall economic growth since April.

              Tim Moore, Economics Director at S&P Global Market Intelligence, noted that “August data highlighted a recovery in UK service sector performance” as improving economic conditions and domestic political stability supported customer demand. New business saw a robust increase after a summer slowdown in decision-making, fueling the strongest service sector activity in months.

              Service providers responded to this uptick by increasing staff levels, with job creation outpacing the first half of 2024. However, businesses still faced challenges from shortage of candidates and rising wage pressures. Despite higher salary payments, the rate of input price inflation continued to fall, reaching its lowest level since January 2021. In addition, prices charged by service providers rose at the slowest pace in three-and-a-half years, further indicating easing inflationary pressures in the sector.

              Full UK PMI services final release here.

              Eurozone PMI services finalized at 52.9, cost pressures ease

                Eurozone’s services sector showed improved growth in August, with PMI Services index rising to 52.9 from July’s 51.9, while the PMI Composite increased to 51.0 from 50.2. Both readings marked three-month highs, signaling a strengthening in overall economic activity. According to HCOB, input cost inflation eased to its lowest point in 2024, though the rate of increase in output charges ticked up slightly.

                Country-specific data revealed a mixed picture, with Spain leading the pack with a Composite PMI of 53.5, a two-month high, followed by France at 53.1, a 27-month high. Ireland’s Composite PMI hit 52.6, its highest in five months, while Italy recorded a two-month high at 50.8. On the other hand, Germany saw its Composite PMI fall to 48.4, a five-month low.

                Cyrus de la Rubia, Chief Economist at Hamburg Commercial Bank, pointed to the “Olympic effect” as a key factor ensuring GDP growth in Eurozone for Q3. While services sector is performing well across all major Eurozone economies, the manufacturing sector remains in recession, with worsening conditions in key countries like Germany and France.

                On the inflation front, service providers slightly increased their prices in August, but cost pressures, particularly those driven by wages, have eased. This will likely be a positive signal for ECB, which may “breathe a small sigh of relief” as it weighs its policy decisions. Combined with favorable inflation data from Eurostat, these factors could provide the ECB with further justification to cut interest rates at its upcoming meeting on September 12.

                Full Eurozone PMI services final release here.

                WTI crude oil tumbles, to test key 70 support level

                  WTI crude oil dropped sharply overnight, losing more than -4% and falling to its lowest level since last December. A combination of bearish factors contributed to this steep decline. The 70 psychological level is now critical for support, and if broken decisively, it could lead to an accelerated drop toward the 2023 low of around 63.

                  The decline was triggered by news that Libya’s rival governments may reach a deal to restore disrupted oil production. Oil prices were already facing downward pressure as OPEC+ prepares to increase output in the coming weeks. Further fueling concerns, weak US ISM manufacturing data, along with China’s disappointing Caixin PMI release earlier this week, raised demand worries for oil.

                  From a technical perspective, WTI remains bearish as long as the 72.57 resistance level holds. The falling trendline support at 69.47, near the 70 psychological level, is the key area to watch. A decisive break below this level could trigger further downside momentum.

                  Technically, near term outlook in WTI would stay bearish as long as 72.57 supported turn resistance holds. Falling trend line support (now at 69.47), which is close to 70 psychological level, is the key level the defend. Decisive break there could trigger downside acceleration.

                  Price actions from 95.50 (2023 high) are seen as the second leg of the pattern from 63.67 (2023 low). Fall from 87.84 is the third leg of the decline from 95.50. Any downside acceleration below the mentioned channel support could easily push WTI to 63.67/67.79 support before bottoming.

                   

                  BoC poised for third straight rate cut and stays dovish

                    BoC is widely expected to cut interest rates for the third consecutive meeting today, lowering the policy rate by 25bps to 4.25%. With inflation at a 40-month low of 2.5% and trending toward the 2% target, coupled with ongoing weakness in the labor market, further easing is anticipated. As a result, BoC is likely to maintain a dovish stance in its statement.

                    A recent Reuters poll shows that 70% of economists expect additional rate cuts in October and December, with the rate reaching 3.75% by year-end. Seven economists predict the rate will be 4.00%, while only one expects a drop to 3.50%.

                    CAD/JPY saw a notable decline after briefly rising to 109.03 earlier this week. A couple of factors could be in force today. BoC’s decision and statement, overall risk sentiment, and the risks for further declines in oil prices could all impact the pair’s next move.

                    Technically, rebound from 101.63 is still in favor to continue as long as 106.21 support holds. Above 109.03 will target 61.8% retracement of 118.85 to 101.63 at 112.27. However, firm break of 106.21 will argue that the rebound has completed and bring deeper fall back to retest 101.63 low.

                    China’s Caixin PMI services falls to 51.6, composite unchanged at 51.2

                      China’s Caixin PMI Services fell to 51.6 in August, down from 52.1 in July and below expectations of 52.2. While this marked the continuation of an expansion that began in January 2023, the rate of growth is among the slowest seen this year. PMI Composite remained steady at 51.2, indicating ten consecutive months of expansion.

                      According to Wang Zhe, Senior Economist at Caixin Insight Group, the services sector experienced a slight slowdown in supply and demand growth, in contrast to a recovery in manufacturing. One key concern was the services sector’s shrinking labor market, which pulled the composite employment indicator below the 50.0 mark, signaling a marginal contraction in employment.

                      On the pricing front, while input costs increased in both sectors, prices charged by manufacturers and service providers fell, adding pressure to business profitability. This combination of slower services growth and declining prices suggests increasing challenges for Chinese businesses as they contend with rising costs and shrinking profit margins.

                      Full Caixin PMI Services release here.

                      Australia’s GDP grows 0.2% qoq in Q2, per capita down for sixth quarter

                        Australia’s GDP grew by 0.2% qoq in Q2, aligning with market expectations. However, GDP per capita declined for the sixth consecutive quarter, falling by -0.4% qoq. For the 2023-24 financial year, the economy expanded by 1.5%.

                        Katherine Keenan, head of national accounts at the Australian Bureau of Statistics, noted, “The Australian economy grew for the eleventh consecutive quarter, although growth slowed over the 2023-24 financial year.”

                        Keenan also pointed out that excluding the pandemic period, annual financial year growth was the lowest since 1991-92, a year marked by the recovery from the 1991 recession.

                        Full Australia Q2 GDP release here.

                        Japan’s PMI services finalized at 53.7, expansion continues

                          Japan’s services sector continued its expansion in August, with PMI Services index finalized at 53.7, unchanged from July’s figure. This marks the 23rd month of growth out of the past 24. PMI Composite, which includes both services and manufacturing, rose to 52.9 from 52.5 in July, reflecting the strongest overall growth since May 2023.

                          The services sector showed solid performance, while manufacturing output posted its most significant increase since May 2022. According to Usamah Bhatti, economist at S&P Global Market Intelligence, August saw ongoing growth in activity, new business, and employment in the service sector. However, the pace of employment growth and business optimism slowed to seven- and 19-month lows, respectively.

                          Full Japan PMI services final release here.

                          US ISM manufacturing rises to 47.2 in Aug, misses expectations

                            US ISM Manufacturing PMI rose from 46.8 to 47.2 in August, below expectation of 47.8,, indicates a fifth consecutive month of contraction.

                            Looking at some details,, new orders fell from 47.4 to 44.6. Production fell from 45.9 to 44.8. But employment rose from 43.4 to 46.0. Prices also rose from 52.9 to 54.0.

                            ISM said: “The past relationship between the Manufacturing PMI® and the overall economy indicates that the August reading (47.2 percent) corresponds to a change of plus-1.3 percent in real gross domestic product (GDP) on an annualized basis.”

                            Full US ISM manufacturing release here.

                            BoJ’s Ueda reaffirms commitment to further rate hikes if economic conditions allow

                              BoJ Governor Kazuo Ueda reiterated today that the central bank could continue raising interest rates if the economy and inflation develop as expected.

                              In a document presented to a government panel led by Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, Ueda highlighted that, despite the July rate hike, the economy are still solidly supported by current monetary policy, as rates are still significantly negative.

                              Additionally, members of the government panel, including business leader Masakazu Tokura, submitted a proposal urging careful management of macroeconomic policies, especially in light of the recent market turbulence. This highlights the importance of coordination between BOJ and the government to maintain economic stability as BoJ navigates its gradual shift towards higher interest rates.

                              Swiss GDP grows 0.7% qoq in Q2, above exp 0.6% qoq

                                Switzerland’s GDP grew by 0.7% qoq in Q2, exceeding expectations of 0.6% qoq and marking an improvement from Q1’s 0.5% qoq growth. When adjusted for sporting events, GDP still showed solid growth at 0.5% qoq, up from the previous quarter’s 0.3% qoq.

                                This stronger-than-expected performance was largely driven by significant expansion in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, which played a key role in lifting the overall economic output. However, growth across other sectors was uneven, reflecting underlying weaknesses in domestic demand.

                                Full Swiss GDP release here.

                                Swiss CPI slows to 1.1% yoy in Aug, vs exp 1.2% yoy

                                  Swiss CPI was flat mom in August, below expectation of 0.1% mom rise. Core CPI (excluding fresh and seasonal products, energy and fuel) rose 0.1% mom. Domestic products prices was flat while imported products prices fell -0.1% mom.

                                  For the 12-month people, CPI slowed from 1.3% yoy to 1.1% yoy, below expectation of 1.2% yoy. Core CPI was unchanged at.10% yoy. Domestic product prices was unchanged at 2.0% yoy. Imported price prices fell from -1.0% yoy to -1.9% yoy.

                                  Full Swiss CPI release here.

                                  NZIER expects Oct RBNZ rate cut, further easing hinges on demand recovery

                                    The New Zealand Institute of Economic Research indicated today that it expects RBNZ to implement another interest rate cut during its October meeting. This follows RBNZ’s decision in August to bring forward its easing cycle in response to “deterioration in economic outlook.” However, NZIER notes that the pace of further easing remains highly uncertain, with a potential pause in November depending on how quickly demand recovers.

                                    Weaker demand has become a significant concern for businesses, with 61% of firms identifying it as the primary constraint on their operations. This declining demand is also having an impact on the labor market, where there is now more slack as companies reduce hiring in response to the softer economic environment.

                                    Looking ahead, NZIER forecasts GDP growth to remain subdued over the next year, contributing to further decline in inflation. The institute predicts that annual CPI inflation will fall back within RBNZ’s target band by the end of this year, which underpins its expectation for another Official OCR cut in October.

                                    However, the uncertainty surrounding the economic recovery suggests that any further rate cuts after October will be closely tied to the extent of demand recovery, with the November meeting likely to be a key decision point.

                                    Full NZIER release here.

                                    New Zealand’s terms of trade improve in Q2 despite decline in export volumes

                                      New Zealand’s terms of trade saw a solid improvement in the second quarter of 2024, rising by 2.0%. This increase was driven by a 5.2% rise in export prices, which outpaced the 3.1% increase in import prices. However, the value of exports decreased by -1.5% to NZD 16.6 billion, largely due to a -4.3% drop in export volumes, even as higher prices provided some support.

                                      Dairy products played a significant role in the export dynamics, with prices rising by 8.0%. Despite this, dairy export volumes fell sharply by -10%, leading to an 8-.0% decline in the overall value of dairy exports. The meat sector, on the other hand, performed better, with prices rising by 7.3%, volumes increasing by 4.1%, and the total value of meat exports up by 6.5%.

                                      On the import side, the total value rose by 4.0% to NZD 18.9B, supported by a 3.2% increase in import volumes. Petroleum and petroleum products were notable contributors, with prices up by 4.0%. However, petroleum volumes declined by -8.0%, leading to a -4.4% decrease in the overall value of these imports.

                                      Full New Zealand terms of trade release here.

                                      UK PMI manufacturing finalized at 26-month high, strong domestic demand but export challenges persist

                                        UK PMI Manufacturing was finalized at 52.5 in August, up from July’s 52.1, and 26-month high. Growth was broad-based across sectors, with strong domestic demand driving new contract wins. This domestic strength helped offset the continued decline in export orders, which have been falling steadily since early 2022.

                                        Rob Dobson, Director at S&P Global Market Intelligence, noted that manufacturing remained a “positive contributor” to the UK economy, with solid growth in output, new orders, and the strongest job creation in over two years. The investment goods sector led the upturn.

                                        However, the sector faces ongoing challenges in exports, with weaker demand from Europe and China, along with issues like freight delays, high shipping costs, and political uncertainty, hampering overseas sales.

                                        These challenges are also disrupting supply chains, leading to longer delivery times and driving up input costs, which saw another sharp increase in August.

                                        Full UK PMI manufacturing final release here.

                                        Eurozone PMI manufacturing finalized at 45.8, decline persists with rising prices adding pressure on ECB

                                          Eurozone’s manufacturing sector remains entrenched in contraction, with PMI Manufacturing index finalized at 45.8 in August, unchanged from July’s reading. This marks the third consecutive month of significant decline, indicating that the sector is still mired in a prolonged downturn. Despite a continued drop in new orders, both domestic and international, goods prices have risen for the first time since April 2023, adding to the growing challenges faced by ECB.

                                          Country-specific PMI data reveals mixed performance. Greece led the pack with a PMI of 52.9, although this marked an eight-month low. Spain and Ireland managed to stay slightly above the neutral 50.0 mark, with readings of 50.5 and 50.4, respectively, but both hit multi-month lows. On the other hand, Italy’s PMI improved to 49.4, its highest in five months, although it remains in contraction. France reported a 7-month low of 43.9 while Germany recorded a PMI of 42.4, a 5-month low.

                                          Cyrus de la Rubia, Chief Economist at Hamburg Commercial Bank, noted the worsening conditions, stating, “Things are going downhill, and fast.” The manufacturing sector has now been in recession for a grueling 26 months, with no immediate signs of recovery. The persistent decline in new orders has dashed hopes of a near-term rebound, while the recent uptick in input prices since June suggests that the deflationary phase in the goods sector may be ending.

                                          For the first time since April 2023, selling prices in the manufacturing sector have risen, driven by increases in countries like France, the Netherlands, Greece, and Italy. This development could complicate ECB’s efforts to control inflation, as the central bank has been relying on falling manufacturing prices to offset persistent inflationary pressures in the services sector.

                                          Full Eurozone PMI manufacturing final release here.