The Summary of Opinions from BoJ’s meeting on January 22-23 signaled the central bank’s intensified focus on initiating its first rate hike since 2007 and moving away from its long-standing negative interest rate policy. The deliberations, however, stopped short of providing a clear timeline for these policy shifts.

A notable hawkish sentiment within BoJ pointed to the “growing possibility” of significant wage revisions in the upcoming spring, at “relatively higher levels” than in the past. This perspective is underpinned by the recognition of “improving trend” in both economic activities and price. Such developments suggest that the necessary conditions for revising monetary policy, including ending the negative interest rate regime, are increasingly “being met”.

Concurrently, the impact of Noto Peninsula Earthquake on is a key factor under close observation. One opinion suggested that, after a thorough assessment of the earthquake’s effects over “the next one or two months”, BoJ is “highly likely to reach a point where it can normalize monetary policy”.

On the other side of the spectrum, a more cautious stance was also expressed. While acknowledging that the probability of achieving the BoJ’s 2 percent price stability target is becoming “more realistic”, it was noted that certainty in reaching this goal is not yet fully established. However, this view also supports the initiation of discussions regarding the exit from the current monetary policy stance.

Full BoJ Summary of Opinions here.

BoJ Governor Haruhiko Kuroda noted in a speech that amid a persistent low interest rate environment, “possible changes in the risk appetite and risk profile of banks … is an issue” that BOJ is “highly attentive to”. And, in the short term, “as downward pressure on banks’ profits continues, we need to be mindful of the possible consequences of banks’ engagement in excessive risk taking.”

For banks with “abundant capital bases”, risk taking “provides financial support to firms’ production activities, thereby contributing to economic expansion”. However, without appropriate risk management measures, continued decline in profits would lead to to “insufficient capital bases”, and sharply higher credit costs. The stability of the financial system “could be threatened” in the event of a “large exogenous shock”. Based on October’s Financial System Report, the system has been maintaining stability on the whole.

On monetary, Kuroda repeated the same rhetoric that BoJ will continue with the current loose monetary policy. And, he’s confident that BoJ inflation will eventually move back to target.