Action Insight

The upcoming New Zealand election would be a tight race between the incumbent National Party and Labor Party. Polls of polls compiled by both RNZ and Stuff indicate that supports for both parties are at around 40%. Moreover, opinion polls have been suggesting that neither of the parties would be able to a government without forming coalition with smaller parties. This is such uncertainty that has increased the volatility of New Zealand dollar of late. This report compares the impacts of various scenarios on the economic growth outlook and the monetary policy, hence the exchange rate. We believe that maintain the status quo - a minority government led by Nationals- would be the most NZD-favorable, while a Labor + Green+ NZ First trio would lead to an immediate, but short-term selloff in the currency.

Euro surges to highest level since 2015 against Swiss Franc today as boosted by solid improvement in economic sentiments. But the common currency is overwhelmed by Aussie and Kiwi on strong risk appetite. Meanwhile, Sterling also regained ground after the pull back following BoE Governor Mark Carney's cautious speech yesterday. Dollar is generally softer as markets await FOMC policy decision and press conference tomorrow. In other markets, Gold is gyrating in tight range around 1310 but is vulnerable to another dip to 1300 handle. WTI crude oil is also struggling around 50.

Risk appetite continued to drive US indices to new records higher overnight. DOW gained 63.01 points, or 0.28% to close at 22331.35. S&P 500 rose 3.64 points or 0.15% to 2503.87. Both were at new records. 10 year yield also gained 0.027 to 2.229. Traders continue to raise their bet on a December Fed hike, with over 57% chance as indicated by fed fund futures. But the Dollar is not getting much support yet. Markets will have their eyes on tomorrow's FOMC decision on balance sheet normalization, and the post meeting press conference first. Meanwhile, Sterling and Canadian Dollar are both talked down mildly by respective central bank officials. Yen and also stays weak in risk seeking environment. In other markets, Gold is extending recent pull back and is pressing 1310. WTI crude oil continues to struggle around 50.

The RBA minutes for the September meeting contained little news. Four main areas of discussions include employment situation, Australian dollar, iron ore prices and the balance of household debt and low inflation. Policymakers acknowledged the improvement in the employment market, noting higher participation rate and steady unemployment rate. RBA appeared less worrisome about Aussie’s strength. By attributing the appreciation of the Australian dollar to USD’s weakness, it appears less likely that RBA would take actions to curb its strength. RBA expected iron ore prices to fall amidst new supply. As the biggest exporter of iron ores, Australian dollar has been affected by the movement in iron ore prices.

Yen trades generally lower today in otherwise quiet markets. Euro is trading firmer while Sterling is paring some of last week's sharp gains. Global markets are generally in risk seeking mode. The MSCI Asia Pacific ex Japan index surged to decade high earlier today. European indices follow with some gains, including FTSE. US futures also suggest that stocks are going to extend the record run. If other markets, gold continues with it's pull back from recent high at 1362.4 and hits as low as 1314.5 so far. It's possibly heading back to 1300 handle, which is close to 55 day EMA at 1293.4. WTI crude oil weakens mildly as it struggles to find sustainable buying to stay firm above 50 handle.

Politics and central bank events will be the main drivers in the markets this week, with economic data taking a back seat. FOMC policy decisions and press conference is one of the main highlights. Fed is expected to finally announce unwinding of its USD 4.5T balance sheet. But spotlight will first be on BoE Governor Mark Carney's speech at IMF in Washington. Markets will look to Carney for his view on the chance of a November hike. Meanwhile, Germany and New Zealand will have their general elections the coming weekend. Talking about elections, Japan Prime Minister Shinzo Abe might announce to dissolve the Lower House and call for a snap election. UK Prime Minister Theresa May will deliver a Brexit speech in Italy on Friday. And there could be more verbal exchanges out of UK and EU ahead of the fourth round of Brexit negotiation starting next week. And, let's not forget also US President Donald Trump will address the United Nations in New York on Tuesday when North Korea tensions are still present. Trump is given a chance to confront North Korean representative face-to-face.

British Pound ended as the strongest major currency last week as boosted by hawkish BoE announcement. A November rate hike by BoE is now a real possibility. Kiwi ended as the second strongest in spite of some volatility ahead of generally election. Dollar followed on revived speculations of a December Fed hike. Meanwhile, Yen ended as the weakest as markets on return of risk appetite. US equity indices made records highs while strong rebounds were seen in DAX and CAC. FTSE was the exception due to BoE rate expectation. Yen is also additionally pressured as markets are back looking at diverging global interest rates.

Sterling continues to shine today as firmly boosted by BoE rate hike in near term, possibly in November. The Pound also takes other European majors higher with it, including the Swiss Franc. On the other hand, Yen is sold off deeply against others and it seems market's theme is back on global monetary stimulus exit. Dollar initially yawned at news of North Korea firing another missiles over Japan. But the greenback gives way to European majors and pares back much of its gain. Mixed economic data released in US session also provide little support to the greenback.

North Korean launched another missile test before the weekend. Even though it proves its capability of reaching Guam, market reactions are very muted this time. Japanese yen Yen and Swiss Franc remain the weakest major currencies for the week. And Nikkei maintains earlier gains and is trading up 0.5% at the time of writing. Sterling is set to end the week as the strongest one, riding on the hawkish BoE message that tightening would come within months. Dollar follows as the second strongest as supported by expectation of a tax reform plan later this month, and pick up in inflation. Indeed fed fund futures are now pricing in 52.9% chance of a Fed hike in December, up from 31% a week ago

BOE sent a hawkish message at the September meeting, noting that the majority of the members agreed that some withdrawal of stimulus should be appropriate in coming months. The key reason for the upcoming tightening is strong inflation which the central bank expects to rise above +3% in October. The market interpreted this as a signal that the historically low interest rate would be raised soon. Sterling rallied to a one-year high against the US dollar and a two-month high against the euro after the announcement. The market has now priced in over 54% chance of a rate hike in December. On the monetary policy this month, the BOE voted 7-2 to leave the Bank rate unchanged at 0.25% and unanimously to keep the asset purchase at 435B pound.

The British Pound surges sharply as markets perceive BoE announcement today as a hawkish ones. There is no surprise from the policy decision, nor the vote split. The key is that BoE now indicated that stimulus exit could start in the coming "months". Swiss Franc stays soft after SNB left interest rates unchanged and sounds less concerned with the exchange rate in the statement. Meanwhile, Dollar is struggling to extend yesterday's tax reform new triggered gain after US President Donald Trump denied a DACA deal with Democrats. That raises the doubt again on whether Trump is working on bipartisan solutions with Democrats which leads to speedy approval of tax reforms.

Swiss franc's depreciation against Euro over the past few months has offered some reliefs to policymakers. At the quarterly SNB meeting in September, the members acknowledged the franc is not as overvalued as before. Yet, weak economic and inflation have led the members to remain cautious and maintain the monetary policy unchanged. SNB this month decided to keep the sight deposit rate unchanged at -0.75%, while the target range for the three-month Libor stayed at - –1.25% and –0.25%. The central bank also reiterated the pledge that it would intervene in the foreign exchange market if needed. But, SNB's sight deposit and FX reserve data indicate that less intervention has been adopted recently.

August data further evidenced that China's economic growth has peaked in the first quarter. Following the sharper-than-expected slowdown in growth in July, the latest set of macroeconomic data also surprised to the downside. The moderation was a result of the government's tighter monetary policy in an attempt to curb excessive investment in certain areas, such as real estate. Renminbi's appreciation against US dollar since the beginning of the year probably has weighed on exports. This leads the PBOC to loosen capital control which has been adopted over the past years to prevent renminbi from severe depreciation.

Dollar rebounded strongly overnight on news that the so called Big Six Republicans are finally going to release the framework of tax reforms in the week of September 25. Also, there is some optimism on the White House as US President Donald Trump seems to be employing a new strategy to reach out to Democrats. Also thanks to return of risk appetite and rebound in treasury yields, the greenback is now trading as the second strongest major currency for the week, next to Sterling. Nonetheless, technically, there is no confirmation of a trend reversal in Dollar yet. Markets could remain cautious on it until something concrete is delivered. For now, focus will turn to SNB and BoE rate decisions first, US CPI next.

Dollar surges on news that the Americans will finally get the details of US President Donald Trump's tax reforms in the upcoming weeks. House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Kevin Brady, the chief house tax writer, said the tax overhaul framework will be released in the week of September 25. Brady noted that the document will include "core elements of tax reports.

Sterling's rally lost some momentum today after job data showed weaker than expected wage growth. Nonetheless, the Pound is still trading in firm tone as markets await tomorrow's BoE rate decision. Dollar also weakens mildly after producer inflation data missed expectation. On the other hand, Canadian and Aussie are trading generally higher today. Gold is trying to regain some from after this week's sharp pull back. But it's yet to break above 1340 handle yet. WTI is back above 48.50 as recent corrective trading extends. There is no sign of momentum for a break through 50 handle yet. Released from US, headline PPI jumped to 2.4% yoy in August but missed expectation of 2.5% yoy. PPI core Rose to 2.0% yoy but also missed expectation of 2.1% yoy.

Risk appetite remains strong in the markets. And the provocative response from North Korea on fresh sanctions is largely ignored. S&P 500 closed up 8.37 pts, or 0.34%, at 2496.48 overnight, making another record high. DOW also rose 61.49 pts, or 0.28%, to close at 2118.86, a record, even though it's short of intraday record at 22179.11. NASDAQ also scored a record close at 6454.28, up 0.34%. Sentiments are also positive in Asia with Nikkei trading up 0.5% at the time of writing. Gold continues to suffer as it struggles to regain 1340 handle. In the currency markets, British Pound remains the strongest one for the week as boosted by the CPI release yesterday. Commodity currencies are also firm together with Dollar. Meanwhile, Yen, Swiss Franc and Euro are trading as the weakest ones for the week.

We expect the BOE to vote 7-2 to leave the Bank rate unchanged at 0.25% and the asset purchase at 435B pound. Despite overshooting of inflation, most members would remain cautious and cite slow economic growth and Brexit uncertainty as reasons for keeping the monetary policy accommodative. However, the MPC is expected to adopt a more hawkish tone and strengthen the warning of a weak sterling. The new deputy governor Dave Ramsden would be voting for the first time. He is perceived as a dove amidst his warning of dire consequences after Brexit. He is expected to vote to maintain the status quo in the first 9-member MPC meeting since May.

The British Pound surges sharply today as boosted by strong inflation reading. BoE is still widely expected to keep bank rates and asset purchase target unchanged on Thursday. But there is now more reasons for the central bank to reiterate its stance on interest rates. That is, BoE would like to remind households and businesses that markets are under-estimating the scale of interest rate hikes in the coming years. Following Sterling, commodity currencies and Dollar are the strong ones on full return of risk appetite. But Canadian Dollar lags behind as it continues to digest recent gains. Meanwhile, Yen and Swiss Franc remain the weakest ones. Both maintains this week's loss after United Nations Security Council approved watered down sanctions on North Korea. And risks of immediate military conflicts are much reduced.

USDCNY continues to recover after the pair slumped to the lowest level since December 2015 last Friday. The rebound, long-awaited as the broad-based USD weakness has caused the pair to decline over the past 4 months, is facilitated by PBOC’s announcement to remove the requirement for banks to hold the equivalent of 20% of clients' FX forward positions as reserve for a year at 0% interest. For more than a decade, China has been implementing reforms in its currency, with the ultimate goal of achieving a floating exchange rate regime and convertibility for renminbi – a movement widely described as renminbi internationalization. However, this report seeks to explain that the government has only been moving back and forth, without making significant progress in transforming renminbi into a market-oriented exchange rate.